Nursing management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Nursing management - Essay Example The prevalence of marijuana use peaked in males and females aged 20–29 years (Maxwell, 2003). In young people aged 14 to 17 years, the drug was used at least once by 28% of persons falling in this group whereas in the elderly people, consumption decreased after the age of 40 years and the rate continued to decrease as age increased thereafter. The consumption of marijuana was much higher in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people (50%) when compared to non-indigenous Australians (33%). Also, there was no difference noted in marijuana intake between those living in urban areas and those in remote and rural areas. The drug abuse was more in those with English speaking background than those with non-English speaking background. Women who were either breast feeding or pregnant or both consumed much less than other women. Marijuana is a mixture of dried parts of the plant hemp including leaves, stems, seeds and flowers. It appears green, brown, or grey depending on the composition. It is referred to by many street names such as herb, weed, grass, boom, Mary Jane, gangster, or chronic. It is usually consumed in the form of cigarette (referred to as ‘joint’ or ‘nail’) or pipe. Most often it is consumed with other illicit drugs like cocaine (called ‘blunts’) or tobacco. It is taken in mainly for the mental effects like altered state of consciousness, perceptual changes like hallucinations and heightened sensory experiences. The main active chemical having psycho-activity in marijuana is THC (delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol) (Astolfi, 1998). Other than euphoria and hallucinations, marijuana has other effects also. The immediate effects are blood shot eyes, dry mouth and throat, sleepiness, paranoia, decreased ability to concentrate, coordinate and react, along with impaired short- term memory, comprehension, speech and learning. There is decreased ability to judge distances and react to signals and sounds on the road causing accidents.

Stakeholders Who Influence the Purpose of Tesco Plc and Bonzers Farm Essay Example for Free

Stakeholders Who Influence the Purpose of Tesco Plc and Bonzers Farm Essay This report investigates the different stakeholders involved in influencing the purpose of Britain’s largest retailer Tesco Plc, this will then be compared to Bonzers Farm, which is a successful local business providing fresh produce. In this report we will get to distinguish key stakeholders in both businesses, and their relevance and the part which the play within that business. I will then conclude my report by discussing conflicts of interest and the interdependencies with those stakeholders. Stakeholders are people that have an interest in the success of business and play a role in the survival of that business. They tend to submit monthly amounts of money into the company or that it affects or is affected by the businesses action, they would be seen as more important to a company such as Bonzers Farm as they would need all the funding they could get, as it only supplies small local business and would be easily influenced by any small change, where as Tesco’s Plc, which is a successful international retailer would of established strong relationships with its stakeholders and is in a better financial situation and therefore any financial change could be overcome easily . Tesco Plc and Bonzers Farm have similar stakeholders. The main ones are shareholders, customers, employees, government, local community, and suppliers. Shareholders are people who legally own shares of stock in Tesco Plc, they are needed as if Tesco is losing income and find themselves in financial trouble they can sell their shares to help build up the business, so the more shareholders they hold they better the chance of recovery. Shareholders want the business to succeed and their shares to increase which means a better return/dividend. Shares would be more secure with a company like Tesco Plc as it’s considered to be successful and gives out better dividends. Bonzers Farm would be seen as an unsecure investment as it only operates locally and has a higher chance of becoming bankrupt, which means shareholders lose their shares. Customers tend to be the most influential stakeholder as they determine the income Tesco makes. They generally want innovative products and quality goods at low costs, if Tesco is successful in providing this (research and ncome figures suggest they are), they will attract more customers through word-of-mouth and various forms of advertisement, Tesco are very aware of their targeted audience and therefore are successful in meeting customer demands which allows Tesco Plc to expand. Customers are as important if not more to Bonzers Farm as that may be the only form of income they receive, customer loyalty and increase is essential. They rely solemnly on word-of-mouth to improve customer numbers as they cannot afford advertising through various media. Employees want also Tesco Plc to succeed and influence it by working harder and more efficient. This is due to the fact that if Tesco succeed they are likely to get better wages, a higher chance of promotion and have a secure job. If Tesco Plc were to collapse this would threaten their jobs, freeze or maybe ever lower their wages. So it’s in the interest of both parties that Tesco provides a good service. Bonzers Farm will have only a small number of employees compared to the thousands Tesco have and their efficiency is crucial. This is because if they don’t work hard and at a high level then the business may fail and they are likely to lose their job. Stakeholders such as suppliers are also interested in Tesco succeeding as it allows them to have a long term and secure buyer, this allows them to sell more products which means more income and success for them. Their goods have to be of a high quality (depending on price) for customer demand to continue or increase and for customer loyalty. If quality drops that will have to be reflected by the price, if not then the Tesco may have to consider getting new suppliers, this means loss of income for the current supplier and job uncertainty. The government is also a stakeholder as it is interested in the success of Tesco Plc as all businesses have to pay taxes, so the more profit they business turns in the more taxes is has to pay, if the business fails then workers are make unemployed and as a result may go and ask for government unemployment benefits such as Jobseekers Allowance. Local community can also be considered as a stakeholder as it may be interested in the success of that business to create jobs for people living locally. A new Tesco store would be seen as a great opportunity for local jobs as it would require hundreds of staff with not much experience or qualifications. Bonzers Farm may be less welcomed as it only required a small number of staff and experience in the farm may be needed. If a business like Tesco fails then it’s likely that the whole community is affected due to job loss and will lose the ability to provide a needed service to the locals. If Bonzers Farm fail this will also affect the local community as it supplies local business, so it closes then those local business will need to find new suppliers at the current rate, if this can’t be achieved then they local business may also fail as a result. To conclude, from the information above that I have researched, all the stakeholders play a major role in the success of both business. However it is apparent that there is conflict of interest between stakeholder parties. For Tesco there could be a conflict of interest between the Owner and customer, both play a huge role in the success of Tesco Plc, as Tesco is mainly owned by shareholders they will be interested in the amount of profit they receive and therefore will be trying to get cheaper suppliers and selling at the highest price possible or cutting down employees, where as customers are interested in the service provided by Tescos, this could be through customer service or the quality of products compared to price, there could be conflict over opening hours as longer hours means a longer service for customers but more expenditure for the owners as more staff are required which means more expenditure. For Bonzers Farm there could also be a conflict of interest between owner and workers as the owners objective again is to turn in the highest profits available where as workers will be interested in higher wages, this could create a conflict as if Bonzers Farm decide to pay more wages they could loose much needed profit to pay out to the shareholders and running costs and as a result even fail to break even. This is due to the fact that employers look to pay the lowest costs for a best service available, the two tend to collide. Even though there is often conflicts between the stakeholders there are also interdependencies between them as they depend and need each other to make the business thrive. For example Tesco customers depend on the suppliers to supply them with the best quality of products available, and the suppliers depend on the shareholder to buy their products at the highest price. The local community depends on the success of Tesco to open up new job opportunities for the locals. This interdependence is also apparent for Bonzers Farm. Without all the stakeholder there would be gabs in the hierarchy and the business will find it difficult to function.

Anti-Italian American Prejudice and Discrimination

Anti-Italian American Prejudice and Discrimination Mezzogiorno Nearly three-fourths of all Italian immigrants to the United States came from the southernmost provinces of Italy. Known as Il Mezzogiorno, it was the countrys most impoverished region, with the illiteracy rate at a staggering 70 percent in 1900, and longstanding oppression from Italys Northern-dominated government. Southern Italian economy relied on agriculture, but natural disasters of volcano eruptions and earthquakes in the early 20th century devastated what little cultivatable land there was (Mintz, 2007). Unable to sustain tolerable living conditions, most became migrant workers. Between the years of 1876 and 1924, nearly 5 million Italians arrived in the United States (Pozzetta, 2008). About one-fourth remained in New York City, while more than half settled in the middle Atlantic states and New EnglandMany Italian immigrants had no plans of establishing permanent homes in the United States. Most were young men who left behind their wives and children with hopes of brief absenc e-they would find employment, collect their pay, and return home. They lived prudently in conditions that were regarded as intolerable by ordinary American families (Mintz, 2007). Commonly working unskilled jobs in construction and public development, roughly half of the Italian immigrant population in the early 1900s was made up of manual laborers (Microsoft Encarta Online Encyclopedia, 2009). Although the United States appealed to emigrating Italians as the best prospective destination to find work, Gambino (2002) asserts that American industry sought immigrants to replace the emancipated slave class. Many Italian immigrants in the North took positions in sweatshops and factories, while others were recruited to work on Southern plantations where slave labor had since been abolished (LaGumina, 1999). However, those in larger urban areas often found dominance in skilled artisan trades they had once practiced in Italy, such as shoemaking, tailoring, and barbering (Pozzetta, 2008). Th ough still generally confined to a lower class, many Italian immigrants found solidarity in highly concentrated ethnic neighborhoods (Mangione Morreale, 1993). Little Italies The emergence of Little Italies was prompted in large part by the intolerance and hostility that Italian immigrants faced in mainstream American society (Pozzetta, 2008). A working class minority that was defined by some as not quite white (Microsoft Encarta Online Encyclopedia, 2009), or the missing link between black and white (Borsella, 2005), they often faced discrimination in housing opportunities. Italian immigrants themselves were slow to seek assimilation because traditionally, la famiglia (the family) and lordine della famiglia (the rules of behavior and responsibility to the family) came before any affiliation with a larger-scale community (Mintz, 2007). This resistance began to fade as subsequent generations strayed from the strict codes of their parents. With the dawn of World War II, more than 500,000 Italian Americans served in the U.S. military, proving to many that their loyalties to the country were strong. By the 1950s it seemed that Italian immigrants, now secure i n identifying as Italian Americans, had found a true home in the United States (Pozzetta, 2008). Anti-Italian prejudice however, though less pronounced, still endured. Dating back to the early 20th century and the apex of the groups immigration, society and popular culture have attached a number of stereotypes to Italian Americans. Arguably the most distinctive stereotype is that of association with La Cosa Nostra, or the American Mafia (Pozzetta, 2008). Released in 1972, the critically-acclaimed and wildly popular film The Godfather became the archetype of Hollywoods Mafia movie industry, depicting Italian Americans as ruthless criminals, a label that had long vilified their ethnic identity. Many Italian Americans, after having fought the stereotype for decades, came to embrace the Mafia image that had captivated American moviegoers and provided a highly profitable new avenue for filmmakers. The 1990s introduced the film Goodfellas (1990) and the television series The Sopranos (199 9), both of which reinforced the hardcore gangster image (Borsella, 2005). Other predominant Italian American stereotypes in film and television often still include the feisty young woman with a taste for gaudy fashion, the lovable womanizer, and the overweight matriarch with excessive jewelry and a pot of spaghetti (Pozzetta, 2008). Nonnina Although I identify more with American culture in my everyday life, I do embrace my Italian American heritage.In some sense, I connect with my roots in an Americanized way, and I have no problem in laughing at the some of the stereotypes that accompany it. A few mob movies are actually among my favorites. Though I know authentic Italian cuisine, I do enjoy eating at Olive Garden and ordering deliveries from Pizza Hut once in a while.I still call my grandmother Nonni, which is short for nonnina, a term affectionately meaning little grandmother.

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In the article "Anxiety: Challenge by Another Name," James Lincoln Collier explains that anxiety is a very common part of our life in our society and that to defeat anxiety is to confront it and face it as we grow and learn from it instead of backing away. Collier uses several of his personal experiences and explains how each helped him to overcome his anxiety. With each obstacle that he faced, he developed three basic rules for himself. Collier had a chance to go on a trip to Argentina with his roommate, Ted. Being away for two months sounds exciting but he is having a second thought, and he end up turning down the invitation. It scared him of being in a new, strange country. He regreted by not going through the Argentina trip, and it taught him a lesson. This lesson made him developed his first rule: "do what makes you anxious, don't do what makes you depressed." He also found out that the person he admired, Duke Ellington, still has stage fright, eventhough he has been performing for more than thirty years, and by knowing that, Ellington inspired Collier. After doing a couple of interviews, he noticed that he is not that scared anymore. He had benefited and discovered from the process of phychologist call "extinction." Which he had came up with his second rule: "you'll never eliminate anxiety by avoiding the things that caused it." Collier had put out his anxiety by confronting it; in addition, Collier developed his third rule: "you can't learn if you don't try." To illustrate his third rule, some years ago he had an offer to do a writing assignment that will require him to three

Cosi character profiles and backdrops

The main once is obviously the theatre but the more in depth backgrounds Is the movement of the people In the real world. The Vietnam Moratorium, which was fighting for the government to return all the troops from the Vietnam War and the Sexual Revolution, which was a social movement that fought against the traditional codes towards to sexual relationships. The Vietnam Moratorium The moratorium was a mass demonstration against involvement in the Vietnam War.The demonstration took place throughout the US on October 1 5th, 1969 Jerome Groomsman's call for a general strike, if the war was still going by October, is what sparked the moratorium movement. It was announced In December of 1969, that not only would American troops would be brought home, but one Australian troop would also be brought home towards the middle of 1970. This of course did not stop the moratorium movement. Australian demonstrators continued to make plans for more rallies and continued to demand the removal of all t he troops.The strength of the moratorium movement greatly shocked the Australian government. They were shocked at the level of anti- AR and even anti-government feeling that was spreading throughout the country. The third moratorium in June 1971 closed the Centre. In Melbourne, on 30 June 1971, there was march of nearly 100,000 people. By this time public opinion was beginning to turn decisively against conscription and Australian involvement in the war. Sexual Revolution The sass's were also known as a time of ‘Sexual Liberation'. They fought for the acceptance of sex outside of heterosexual and marriages.Their aim was to make contraception, public nudity, premarital sex and homosexuality all normal. This also included the legalization of abortion. A new, sexualities popular culture swung into Australian life in the sass's, and it seemed everyone wanted to be apart of it. Watching a porn film at the local movie theatre and looking through a sex advice manual in public were bo th markers that the Sexual Revolution was taking action. An outgrowth of the countercultures began with casting aside traditional sexual restraints and gave the starting gun to a decade of eroticism and experimentation.Australians broke many sexual rules during this era including interracial dating, open homosexuality, communal living, casual nudity and dirty language. Sexual activity mongo the younger generations sparked widely as well. Designers also took advantage of the new era by producing mini skirts, hot pants, halter-tops and clothes designed to show off a woman's body. â€Å"Coos fan Tutee† was an opera that was written by Mozart and was first performed in 1790 is based on a pair of male friends that test their girlfriend's loyalty to their relationships.The name roughly translates to â€Å"Women are like that†. The name suggests that the opera is about how women are unable to stay faithful to their beloved and often go around with other men behind the back of their relationships. The first performance was held in Vienna and since 1790 the opera has been revamped to sometimes more modern themes and held in theatres all over the world. Louis Anorak's semi-autobiographical play, Coos is a touching portrayal of the opera that is acted by patients in a Melbourne mental institution.All of these themes are incorporated into the play that Lewis wrote based on his experiences during the moratorium and the sexual revolution about Coos fan Tutee. They all tie in together and they all make their own parallel to Lewis and his life; they all have a habit of getting in the way. Many of the patients are very passionate about the events occurring outside their asylum walls, as it is the only thing they have to concentrate on, so it seems they put all their time and effort into creating something beautiful. Julies character is significant in a number of ways.Firstly, she is very opposed to the idea of love. She always thought that love was being foolish and stupid. † IN another example, Julie and Lucy aver very similar. Julie says about men and fidelity: â€Å"l don't like men's double standards, I guess. Men want women to deceive them because it will prove their worst thoughts about women. Whereas Lucy believes that men wasn't women to â€Å"pretend they're true and faithful. † Julie in a small way is an alternated version of Lucy who Just happens to be living in a mental asylum. She is a character who brings Lewis into a new and strange world.

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buy custom Online Identity essay Online identity is a social identity of the person, the user establishes on the networking sites. My online identity is represented on the website Linked in, where I have an account. Linked In is both a professional and a social networking site. At the website I have posted all the personal information, which may be useful for my prospective employers. I have tried to highlight all necessary details about myself, including my professional qualifications, skills and even political views. I have also indicated my prospective employers and why I can be a suitable candidate for positions they offer. I believe, that based on information from my account, employers areable to get some impression about me. Discussion By viewing my profile on Linked in, it is likely that the employer will get a positive impression of my character. My character is clearly described on the webpage, as well as my career goals and reasons to be employed by particular organizations. Because all information about me is clearly stated at my profile, it makes it easier for the prospective employer to get some clue about me. Being a member of Linked in is enough for my online identity purposes as this website fulfil both professional and social demands. Extending online identiity may be in a way detrimental to my privacy. With the rising number of cases of cyber crimes in the society, enhancing the amount of information at your social networking profiles increases the chances that your private information may be reached by hackers, what may cause harm for you. Conclusion It is essential to monitor your name in the social site always. To achieve this, register for alerts to enable you to do regular checks of your name. Through all means, protect your personal information, as it can be a source of theft. Assume that all the information posted is seen by everyone and hence, trade with care. Buy custom Online Identity essay

How the Nervous System works and How Drugs Affect It essays

How the Nervous System works and How Drugs Affect It essays The nervous system is the control system and the network of communication for the body. All of our thoughts, and behavior can be traced to the activity of a neuron. A typical neuron has three important parts: first a cell body, second dendrites and last an axon. All three parts are important for our daily functions. Drugs however such as cocaine can alter these actions and have short and long term effects that arent always the best feeling. . The nervous system is made up of nerves, the spinal cord and the brain. The nerves control everything we do; they carry messages that tell us to move, to breathe, to feel and to think. Nerves run to the muscles, organs, heart, lungs, blood vessels, brain-even to our teeth and skin. Neurons are the specialized cells that conduct impulses through the nervous system. There are about 100 billion neurons in just the brain. A neuron has three parts that make it up, a cell body, which carries metabolic functions, dendrites being branched fibers which are the primary receivers of the impulses from other neurons, and axons that are slender tail like extensions that are the transmitting end that sprouts into many braches each ending in an axon terminal. Axon terminals are what transmits signals to the dendrites or cell bodies of other neurons, muscles, glands and so forth. Amazingly the billions of neurons are not physically connected. The way the neurons communicate is possible because of the synapse. The synapse is where the axon of a sending neuron joins the receiving neuron across the synaptic cleft. All neurons travel by being fired by biological electricity, because the body has ions that have positive and negative charges. Neurons that are negative charged are not firing which is called resting potential. When the reversal of resting potential occurs the neuron fires, this is called action potential. The action potential operates according to the all or ...